HYPERTHERMIA

DESIGNATION OF CONDITION

Hyperthermia is considered a sustained core temperature of greater than 101° F
(38.3° C), with thermoregulatory mechanisms failing around 105.8° F (41° C). This condition can result from environmental exposure, exertion, medications, or illness. Signs and symptoms include any or all of the following: muscle cramps, weakness, exhaustion, dizziness, fainting, altered level of consciousness, unresponsiveness, and rapid heart rate. Skin may be moist or dry, and normal, cool, or hot. The most severe sign of hyperthermia is an altered level of consciousness.

EMPHASIS ON PATIENT CARE

Rapid re-cooling of the core temperature, fluid maintenance (elderly, chronically ill and pediatrics are at a higher risk).

First Responder & BASIC PRE-HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT

1. Initial Management - Assess airway, breathing and circulation and manage as indicated. Use humidified O2.
a. Remove patient from the environment.
b. Remove all constricting and heavy clothing.
c. Give clear liquids to drink only if fully conscious. If unconscious, consider ILS/ALS intercept and rapid transport.
d. Provide rapid cooling by:
i. Air conditioning.
ii. Fanning patient.
iii. Cool packs to neck, groin, and armpits.
iv. Wet sponge or towel.
2. Focused H&P - History, physical exam, vital signs.

INTERMEDIATE and PARAMEDIC PRE-HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT